He was a gifted artist who made highly realistic etchings and became known locally for his satirical plays. He became known internationally as a friend of Huldrych Zwingli from his teenage years and a strong supporter of the Protestant Reformation. In Bern, he campaigned for the reformed cause with Berchtold Haller, the priest at St…
Nicolas Poussin (born 1594, Villers, Francedied Nov. 19, 1665, Rome, Papal States) French painter. Except for two years as court painter to Louis XIII, he spent his entire career in Rome, where he became an admirer of ancient Roman civilization. In early works, he depicted themes from Classical mythology in a painterly style reminiscent of such…
Nicolas Le Rouge trojan collects the Dancing Men and Women Dancing in one volume, illustrated with woodcuts he inherited from Guyot Marchand and Guillaume Le Rouge.
Of Russian and Italian parentage, Kalmakoff spent his childhood in Italy where he also briefly studied painting. In 1903, he rejoined his family in Russia and became involved in Diaghilev’sMir Iskusstva (World of Art). He designed numerous theatre sets; his 1908 design for Oscar Wilde’s Salome was censored for its overt sexuality. In 1920 Kalmakoff travelled to Helsinki,…
Nestor began developing his artistic vocation in Gran Canaria when he was a child, making his first drawings with only seven years of age, while studying at the Colegio San Agustin, where he received drawing lessons from Nicolas Massieu . Before the end of the nineteenth century , in 1899 , received his first artistic…
Schwind, Moritz von (1804–71), Austrian painter, illustrator, and writer, who was famous for his prodigious fairy‐tale paintings and drawings and his fairy‐tale contributions to the Münchner Bilderbogen (Munich Broadsheets), one of the most popular series of broadsheets in the 19th century. After studying art and philosophy in Vienna, Schwind moved to Munich in 1828 and…
Mikhail Aleksandrovich Vrubel (Russian: Михаи́л Алекса́ндрович Вру́бель; March 17, 1856 – April 14, 1910, all n.s.) is usually regarded amongst the Russian painters of the Symbolist movement. In reality, he deliberately stood aloof from contemporary art trends, so that the origin of his unusual manner should be sought in Late Byzantine and Early Renaissance painting.…
Mikalojus Konstantinas Čiurlionis was born in Senoji Varėna, the oldest of nine children of his father, Konstantinas, and his mother, Adelė. Like many educated Lithuanians of the time, Čiurlionis’s family spoke Polish, and he began learning Lithuanian only after meeting his fiancée in 1907. In 1878 his family moved to Druskininkai, where his father went…
Mihály Zichy (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈmihaːj ˈzitʃi]; German: Michael von Zichy; October 15, 1827, Zala, Hungary – February 28, 1906, St. Petersburg, Russia) was a Hungarian painter and graphic artist.Mihály Zichy was a significant representative of Hungarian romantic painting. During his law studies in Pest from 1842, he attended Jakab Marastoni’s school as well. In Vienna…
“Italian sculptor, painter, architect and poet. He was one of the founders of the High Renaissance and, in his later years, one of the principal exponents of Mannerism. Born at Caprese, the son of the local magistrate, his family returned to Florence soon after his birth. Michelangelo’s desire to become an artist was initially opposed…
Wolgemut trained with his father Valentin Wolgemut (who died in 1469 or 1470) and is thought to have been an assistant to Hans Pleydenwurff in Nuremberg. He worked with Gabriel Malesskircher in Munich early in 1471, leaving the city after unsuccessfully suing Malesskircher’s daughter for breach of contract, claiming she had broken off their engagement.…
Born in a town near the Austro-Italian border, Michael Pacher is recorded in 1467 as an established master in Bruneck (Brunico), where he had a workshop for making altarpieces. He was equally adept at painting and wood carving, and his commissions often were for the German-type altar: sculptured centerpiece, carved Gothic pinnacles above, a predella…
Maximilian Pirner (1854-1924) was a Czech painter. A member of the Vienna Secession and associated with the Czech Secession art movements, Pirner’s usual themes were classical mythology (such as his Medusa (1891) and Hecate (or Hekate) (1901)) and the macabre (such as Sleepwalker (or Girl in Her Nightie Walks on the Window-Ledge) (1878), Daemon Love…
Maxim Nikiforovich Vorobiev (1787-1855) was a Russian Romantic landscape painter. Vorobiev was born into the family of a soldier, who on retirement became a guard in the Academy of Arts in St. Petersburg. There, Maxim was admitted in 1798 where he initially studied architecture but graduated as a landscape painter in 1809. In 1814 he became an…
Max Klinger (born Feb. 18, 1857, Leipzig, Ger.died July 5, 1920, near Naumburg) German painter, sculptor, and printmaker. He is known for his use of symbol, fantasy, and dreamlike situations, reflecting a late-19th-century awareness of psychological depths. His vivid, frequently morbid imaginings and his interest in the gruesome and grotesque can be seen in his Goyaesque…
Matthias Gerung (b N?rdlingen, c. 1500; d Lauingen, 1569/70). German painter, miniature painter, and woodcut and tapestry designer. He was probably the son of Matthias, a N?rdlingen shoemaker known as Geiger (d 1521), and probably served an apprenticeship in N?rdlingen with Hans Sch?ufelein. By 1525 he was established as an artist in Lauingen, then part of…
North Netherlandish illuminator. He was named for a manuscript that was for many years in the possession of the Duc d’Arenberg and was known as the Book of Hours of Catherine of Cleves because it includes a donor portrait of Catherine of Cleves, Duchess of Gelders.
Martin van Maële (born as Maurice François Alfred Martin van Miële; October 12, 1863 – September 5, 1926) was a French illustrator of early 20th century literature. He is renowned for his work in the field of erotic literature. He was born in the commune of Boulogne sur Seine, once an important industrial town, near…
Schongauer, Martin (mär’tēn shōn’gou-ər), 1430-91, German engraver and painter, son of a goldsmith of Colmar, Alsace. Schongauer’s only certain painting is Madonna of the Rose Arbor (1473; Church of St. Martin, Colmar). The strong figures and faces are treated with the almost metallic sharpness and linearity that later characterized his engravings. There also exist fragments…
Mårten Eskil Winge (21 September 1825, Stockholm – 22 April 1896, Enköping) was a Swedish artist especially known for his Norse mythology paintings. He was a friend of August Malmström and under influence from Nils Blommér and Carl Wahlbom. He is associated with the Düsseldorf school of painting.